As a pediatric neurologist, one of the most common questions I hear is, 'Could my child have autism?' Every child develops differently, but some signs should not be ignored. The earlier concerns are identified, the better the outcomes.
What is Autism?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition in which a child's brain develops differently. As a result, children with autism may communicate, interact with others, learn, and experience the world in their own unique way.
Every child with autism is different, which is why it is called a spectrum. Some children need more support, while others need less.
Autism is present from birth. It is not caused by parenting, vaccines, diet, or emotional stress.
When can autism be diagnosed?
Autism can often be diagnosed between 18 to 24 months. However, many children may show some signs much earlier and hence the child must be brought to a specialist as early as possible.
Early Signs to Watch For
- Limited eye contact or social interaction
- Delay in speech or language
- Loss of words or skills
- Doesn't point, wave, or use gestures
- Repetitive behaviours or unusual play
- Strong sensory sensitivities
If you notice these signs, seek a developmental assessment.
How is Autism Diagnosed?
There is no blood test or brain scan. Diagnosis is based on developmental history, observation, and standardized assessments by trained professionals.
Can Other Conditions Occur Alongside Autism?
Some children may also have ADHD, speech and language disorders, intellectual disability, motor coordination difficulties, or epilepsy.
Does Every Child Need Investigations?
No. Depending on the child, hearing tests, EEG, genetic testing, or MRI may be recommended. These tests do not diagnose autism but look for associated conditions.
What Helps?
Early intervention is the most important. Treatment may include speech therapy, occupational therapy, behavioural therapy, parent training, and educational support.
Are there any medications that are used in Autism?
There is no medicine for 'cure' of autism itself, but medicines may help associated conditions (sleep issues, behavioural problems, hyperactivity, seizures etc).
Will My Child Go to a Regular School?
Many children do well in mainstream schools with the right support, while others receive help from specialized settings.
When Should You Seek Help?
If you are worried about your child's speech, social interaction, play, or behaviour, don't wait. Early assessment and intervention can make a significant difference.
So get in touch with your pediatrician/pediatric neurologist/developmental pediatrician as soon as possible.
To book a consultation with Dr Sameeta Mercy Prabhu at Rainbow Children's Hospital and BirthRight, Hebbal, Bengaluru, call 7204273076 or visit linqmd.com/doctor/sameeta-mercy-prabhu
Written by Dr Sameeta Mercy Prabhu, MBBS, MD Pediatrics, Fellowship in Pediatric Neurology (Manipal University), Consultant Pediatric Neurologist, Rainbow Children's Hospital and BirthRight, Hebbal, Bengaluru.
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